Gingivitis and periodontal disease are names for inflammation of the gums around the teeth, which results in deterioration of the bone beneath the teeth. According to research, four out of five people have periodontal disease and dont know it. Most people are not aware of it because the disease is usually painless in the early stages. Unlike tooth decay, which often causes discomfort, it is possible to have periodontal disease without noticeable symptoms.
Having regular dental check-ups and periodontal examinations are very important and will help detect if periodontal problems exist. Periodontal disease begins when plaque, a sticky, colorless film of bacteria, food debris and saliva, is left on the teeth and gums. The bacteria produce toxins (acids) that inflame the gums and slowly destroy the bone. Brushing and flossing regularly and properly will ensure that plaque is not left behind to do its damage.
There are several other things that can cause gingivitis and gum disease or which may increase the risk.
Plaque and tartar form more easily on teeth if one smokes or chews tobacco.
Crowding of teeth, as well as irregular spaces between teeth trap plaque and bacteria ” bridges that do not fit or defective fillings can cause such problems.
Steroids, cancer therapy drugs, blood pressure medications, oral contraceptives often have side effects that reduce saliva, making the mouth dry and making it easier for plaque to adhere to the teeth and gums.
When hormone levels change in the body gum tissue can become more sensitive to the toxins produced by bacteria, which leads to gum disease. Things that cause hormone levels to change can be pregnancy, oral contraceptives and puberty.
HIV/AIDS, blood disorders, diabetes and other diseases that affect the whole system can make a person predisposed to gum disease.
Genetics can predispose a person to gum disease. If you have a family history of tooth loss, it might indicate a possibility of a more aggressive type of gum disease. Keep alert for any signs of gum disease if you have this family history.
After the initial stage of gum disease, one can develop bleeding or red and swollen gums, halitosis, gum infections, receding gums, or any tenderness of the gums. Further progress of the disease will result in odd spacing between teeth as bone is deteriorated. Loose teeth is also an advanced symptom.
Anyone can improve chances of healthy gums by taking care of the teeth and gums with regular brushing and flossing. A good diet also helps to stave off gum disease and to help cure it. Regular visits to the dentist will help prevent the disease by catching it before it causes bone damage and causes loss of teeth.
